What is the term for the investigation of raw data to answer specific crafted questions?

The term that refers to the investigation of raw data to answer specific crafted questions is data analysis. This process involves systematically examining, transforming, and modeling data with the aim of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analysis encompasses various techniques and methodologies, allowing analysts to derive insights and answer inquiries using statistical tools and data interpretation practices.

In contrast, descriptive studies are primarily focused on summarizing and presenting data characteristics without necessarily addressing specific research questions. Exploratory analysis is more about generating hypotheses and understanding trends without a structured framework aimed at answering predefined questions. Diagnostic studies typically seek to understand the causes of particular phenomena or issues, which involves analyzing data post-event rather than answering specific inquiries directly. Thus, the context and purpose behind data analysis affirm it as the correct choice.